![]() Once you’ve identified the compounds that will dissociate, identify the charge of each ion. For instance, a compound that is made up of an oxide or hydroxide and an alkali or alkaline earth metal will completely dissociate in solution. ![]() Then, determine which compounds in your equation will dissociate, or separate into positive and negative components, called cations and anions. Write the state as aq, s, or g in parentheses after each compound. For instance, a compound that’s described as “in solution” is aqueous. Next, make note of the states of matter of each compound-are they aqueous (or liquid), solid, or gas? If you’re doing a word problem, look for keywords that explain the different states. When you’re done, re-count all of the atoms on each side to make sure they’re equal. The balanced equation will look like C+CO2 → 2CO. Since there are 2 carbon atoms and 2 oxygen atoms on the reactant side, you’ll need to add the coefficient 2 on the product side. For example, say you want to balance the equation C+CO2 → CO. Start with all of the atoms that aren’t hydrogen or oxygen, then balance the hydrogen and oxygen atoms. Write the number of atoms in the compounds on each side of the equation, then add coefficients in front of the atoms on each side until they’re equal. To write a net ionic equation, you’ll need to start by balancing the equation. Rewritten, this equation becomes: 2Cr ( s) + 3NiCl 2( aq) -> 2CrCl 3( aq) + 3Ni ( s). NiCl 2 and CrCl 3 are soluble ionic compounds, therefore, they are aqueous. Cr and Ni in their elemental forms are solids. ![]() For example, 2Cr + 3NiCl 2 -> 2CrCl 3 + 3Ni.If the problem mentions an acid or a base, they will be aqueous ( aq).If there is not water, the ionic compound is a solid ( s).If it has high solubility, the compound will be aqueous ( aq), if it has low solubility, it will be solid ( s). If there is water in the equation, determine whether or not the ionic compound will dissolve using a solubility table.If a compound is said to be a solution, you can write it as aqueous, or ( aq).If no state is provided for an element, use the state found on the periodic table.There are some rules to help you determine the state of an element or compound. Oftentimes, you will be able to identify keywords in a problem that will tell you the state of matter for each compound. Identify the states of matter of each compound in the equation.
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